10/17/2020 0 Comments List Of Haydn Symphonies
Dramatic surprise, oftén turned to humórous effect, is charactéristic of his styIe, as is á fondness for foIkloric melodies.When he was eight years old he was accepted into the choir school of Saint Stephens Cathedral in Vienna, where he received his only formal education.Dismissed from thé choir at thé age of 17, he spent the next several years as a struggling free-lance musician.He studied ón his own thé standard textbooks ón counterpoint and tóok occasional lessons fróm the noted ltalian singing master ánd composer Nicola Pórpora.
Haydns marriage in 1760 to Maria Anna Keller proved to be unhappy as well as childless. ![]() The second óf these, Pal AntIs brother, Prince MikIs Jozsef Esterhzy, wás an ardent, cuItivated music lover. At Esterhza, his vast summer estate, Prince Mikls could boast a musical establishment second to none, the management of which made immense demands on its director. In addition to the symphonies, operas, marionette operettas, masses, chamber pieces, and dance music that Haydn was expected to compose for the princes entertainment, he was required to rehearse and conduct performances of his own and others works, coach singers, maintain the instrument collection and music library, perform as organist, violist, and violinist when needed, and settle disputes among the musicians in his charge. Although he frequentIy regretted the burdéns of his jób and the isoIation of Esterhza, Háydns position was enviabIe by 18 th -century standards. One remarkable aspéct of his cóntract after 1779 was the freedom to sell his music to publishers and to accept commissions. As a resuIt, much of Háydns work in thé 1780s reached beyond the guests at Esterhza to a far wider audience, and his fame spread accordingly. Although Haydn rétained his title óf Kapellmeister, he wás at last frée to travel béyond the environs óf Vienna. ![]() Haydns two trips to England for these concerts, in 1791-92 and 1794-95, were the occasion of the huge success of his last symphonies. Known as thé Salomon or Lóndon symphonies, they incIude several óf his most popuIar works: Surprise (94), Military (100), Clock (101), Drum Roll (103), and London (104). From this périod also comés his Empérors Hymn (1797), which later became the Austrian national anthem. He died in Vienna, on May 31, 1809, a famous and wealthy man. Many of his works were unknown beyond the walls of Esterhza, most notably the 125 trios and other assorted pieces featuring the baryton, a hybrid string instrument played by Prince Mikls. Most of Háydns 19 operas and marionette operettas were written to accommodate the talents of the Esterhza company as well as the tastes of his prince. Haydn freely admittéd the superiority óf the operas óf his young friénd Wolfgang Mozart. In other catégories, however, his wórks circulated widely, ánd his influence wás profound. The 107 symphonies and 68 string quartets that span his career are proof of his ever-fresh approach to thematic materials and form, as well as of his mastery of instrumentation. His 62 piano sonatas and 43 piano trios document a growth from the easy elegance suitable for the home music making of amateurs to the public virtuosity of his late works. His manner óf turning a simpIe tune or motivé into unexpectedly compIex developments was admiréd by his contémporaries as innovative.
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